US vs Chinese Economy

US vs Chinese Economy US vs Chinese Economy Home›Economics Posts›US vs Chinese Economy Economics PostsThere is an increasing debate on China surpassing the US as a world economic power. These claims are based China’s leap from poverty to a world power economy courtesy of successful market reforms that were introduced in 1978. Whether these claims hold water or not, the reality is that China has made significant improvements on her economy but the US stills retains her position as the world’s super power. This paper compares the economy of the US and China laying more emphasis on their micro-economic performance as well as the role that the two governments have played in steering them to the economic heights they have reached.What makes some people think that China is slowly bypassing the US as the world â€" economic power? The job market in China seems to be doing favorably well if data taken during the last two years is anything to go by. The official US unemployment in the last two years is est imated to be at 9 percent while reports from Beijing, the capital of China indicate figures below 4.5 percent. This implies that the labor market in China is two times better than that of the US. This may be attributed to the Chinese wide labor market and low prices of commodities. (U.S. Department of Commerce 32-36)Another comparison of the USA and Chinese that may lead to conclusions that indeed the former are in for a surprise is the Purchasing Power Parities of the two countries. The CIA approximates the Chinese GDP as of 2010 to have stood at $10 trillion a mere $5trillion behind the US a gap that may be filled in the next five years if the US economy growth stagnates (CIA 20). Critics however brush these claims aside alluding to the fact big economies like those of the US and China are not greatly affected by differences in the purchasing power of each country.In terms of labor, the US has an upper hand over China. This can be exemplified by the comparison of GDP to workers. I n the US, it stands at 11: 1 implying that an average American is 11 times more productive. In China, the ratio is a bit lower. This is attributed to China’s one child policy a condition that leads to a large percentage of the population being old and hence less productive. China will, in due course transform from a society of young workers to that of aged labor force with comparison to the America’s. This leads to greater productivity and prosperity among the average Americas than their counterparts in China.In terms of capital, the US and the Peoples Republic of China are poor performers. Their return on both private and public sector is falling because many financial resources are being applied to commercially wasteful projects. The real interest rates are also low with US registering below 2 percent in the year 2010 while that of China was surprisingly on a negative scale. This is attributed to a set of poor economic policies by the Chinese and American government. As a resu lt, the Index of Economic Freedom predicts that whoever of the two countries that will improve in public finance will be at upper hand than the other (Sachs 16).Comparing the export and imports of the two countries, China seems to be doing well in terms of exports. Going by data collected by Global Insight, the Chinese exports in terms of goods and services have been doing well and are bound to bypass that of the US by 2015. For instance in 2009, the Peoples Republic of China got $2,009 billions from her exports representing a 102.9% of that of the US. Comparing this to three years ago when Chinese exports were worthy $ 1055 billions while that of the US was $1464 billions in the same year, this implies that the Chinese economy is slowly catching up with the world’s super power (US-China ESRC 85-87).According to the World Fact Book (2011), the US has the greatest and most technologically powerful economy whose per capita GDP is $47,400. It has a market-oriented micro-economy that is very influential. Most of the decisions are made by private individuals and business firms. China on the other hand has very functional state-owned enterprises. As afore-mentioned, based on Purchasing power Parities, China was the second largest world economy behind the US in 2010 but her GDP per capita standing at an estimate of $7400 was still behind that of the US (Hu Khan 116).The above figures demonstrate China’s commitment to top the list of world economic powers. What factors have then led to the rise of Chinese economy in the recent past? Economists have attributed China’s growth to a number of reasons. For one, her rapid growth is closely linked to a large accumulation of capital and great improvements in productivity. The two factors went side by side with the latter increasing being believed to have generated fund for new investment. China also got an upper hand due to her large collection of domestic savings to anchor her finance investment3 when she began to ref orm her economy. In fact, in 1979, China had a domestic savings pool of 32% comparing to the GDP. This has steadily grown to 51.1% by the year 2006 becoming one among the highest saving rates in the world. In comparison, that of the US stood at 10.2% showing a great margin.Another reason that has led to China growing so tremendously is her growth in Foreign Direct Investment. This has been because of her reforms in trade and investment as well as incentives. From 1990 to 1995, China’s FDI grew from $3.5 billions to $37.5 billions representing more than 10-fold. In the following decade, her annual FDI grew more than double to hit the $72.4 billion mark while her accumulative level of FDI was $633billions.Though the above growth may be small in comparison to her domestic saving, this capital is efficiently used to than the latter that is usually used to develop state-owned enterprises. Much of the Chinese FDI goes into goods that are export oriented like consumer electronics. Theref ore, the high level of Chinese exports can be tied to her dramatic rise in Foreign Invested Enterprises. For instance in 2005, 58.3% of Chinese imports were derived from FIE’s as well as 58.7% of her exports in the same year. This implies that the Chinese economy growth has been characterized by interdepend3ence in sectors that has led to a holistic soaring to great heights.This has not come without various efforts especially from the government. Compared to the US, China makes economic policies easily due to her central, communist structure. Such a framework makes it easy to dictate the country’s direction when an economic crisis strikes without necessarily undergoing a back-and â€"forth debate as witnessed inn the USA. For instance, in the wake of the financial crisis that hit the US in 2008, the action taken was slow.It was characterized by heated debates that brought to the limelight the uncertainty of the government and the financial institutions hence scaring would-be inve stors. Although China may have succeeded in implementing blanket economic policies, critics argue that search moves may result to scenes witnessed in communist and dictatorial governments such as restrictions of press freedom, and religion, and political beliefs among other basic human rights. Indeed such policies make China seem liking she is bending too low to fit in the world economic powers.Despite the above criticism, Chinese government has also ensured implementation of its economic is done cautiously (Ministry of Commerce, Beijing 12-17). This has been ensured through slow and careful steps to avert any looming shocks that are linked to spontaneous changes in the economic system. For instance, an abrupt mass introduction of foreign funds or a relaxation of her economic policies would have meant disaster. This means that China’s climb in the economic ladder is not an overnight affair as many may think.Indeed long before the 1978 reforms, China had already started 5-year plan s characteristic of the Soviet-Style development strategies. Her growth can thus be attributed to the role played by the Communist Party to provide a conducive environment of progress, stability and a smooth change to the new heights she is soaring. Since the 1978 economic reforms, China’s role in the economy system has been limited to the aerospace industry with industrial out put from state owned enterprises declining while those from private sector increasing.On the other hand, the US government policy toward the economy has been described by many economists as ‘leave it alone’ (U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission 34). America attributes her economic prowess due to her free enterprise policy. She adopts a policy laid down by legend economists like Adam Smith who postulated that for an economy to do well, the markets should be free and competitive. This trend however, is slowly experiencing some form of regulation from the federal government. For instance, ind ustries facing strong competition from abroad have been known to seek appeal from the government for intervention through trade policies. This has led to a dilemma of whether the government should be fully entrenched in the economy or not.

Have You Ever Noticed That You Have Never Seen An Exact

Have you ever noticed that you have never seen an exact copy of yourself? The only things you ve seen are pictures, reflections, or from looking at yourself in a reflection; the man or woman in the mirror. There have been times when people have noticed something on your face and your first reaction would be is to say where/what? or look at a reflection. What if there was something you couldn t see, because it was mental instead of physical. Something that is irritating, and at sometimes you couldn t even hide it. You can smile and act fine, but can you really mask a mental illness? In this case, we will be talking about depression. Go ahead and look at a mirror, or now with the advancement of technology, you can use your smart phone†¦show more content†¦While sadness is only defined by Dictionary.com as affected by unhappiness or grief (Dictionary). Yes, sadness can eventually lead to depression, but being sad is not characterized as being an illness, unless it is SAD or Sea sonal Affective Disorder. Depression is not just categorized into one group, but there are multiple types of depression. One example is Seasonal Affective Disorder, which is most commonly diagnosed in winter months and areas such as Alaska when there is less or even no sunlight. Others include Major Depressive disorder, which is described as the symptoms in the definition; persistent depressive disorder, which is depression that lasts two or more years; Manic depression or bipolar disorder; postpartum depression in mothers after childbirth, and more. Depression can also be related to other mental illnesses, because a few of the symptoms can be from a combination of other disorders such as stress or anxiety. Depression is a mental disorder, so there needs to be a more understanding and treatments such as advice being happy. You can be happy, but still be depressed at the same time; depression is not a mood, depression is an illness. Depression should be treated seriously, from mild t o major, just as if it were any other illness or disease. If not treated, it can lead to suicide. There are constant and ongoing studies on how the brainShow MoreRelatedWatching Milo Murphy s Law1154 Words   |  5 PagesPhineas and Ferb fan, I really enjoyed it, since there are many jokes and easter eggs hidden in Milo Murphy that date back to Phineas and Ferb. But, just three episodes in, I began to devise a theory. Maybe it s too early in the show to tell, but I have a pretty bold theory, and I m prepared to back it up. My theory: Melissa Chase is Candace s Sister At first glance, this theory seems impossible. So rather than try to explain my theory all at once, I ll explain the answers to different argumentsRead MoreShort Story: Carte Blanche698 Words   |  3 Pagesramp and into the park. 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Business Environments Of Chinese Society - 2814 Words

Assignment: Business Environments in Chinese Society: (Student’s Name) (Professor’s Name) (Course Title) (Date of Submission) Introduction Business environments across the world have been experiencing numerous and rapid dynamics, forcing business enterprises to look for more intelligence before entering such markets. The need to start businesses in foreign markets is created by variety of factors which includes saturation of local markets and availability of attractive opportunities in foreign countries. China has been a focus of many foreign investors, owing to various reasons which serve to create attractive business opportunities. For instance, the country has been experiencing rapid infrastructural developments, reducing cost of doing business within the society. It has also been remarkably stable in terms of both political and economical pillars of the state. It has also a wide market due to its high population, providing market for products and services of many businesses (Hill, 2014). These numerous businesses cropping up in China have created a business opportunity, in marketing and packaging, since they do not have much of information about the history of the nation and its markets. Our team has developed the idea and decided to venture into business to exploit the opportunity. This documentation focuses on deliberating on the details of the business idea to inform our decision on how to progress with it (Zinzius, 2004). Currency conversionShow MoreRelatedCritically Evaluate Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs as Way of Understanding Employee Motivation in Contemporary Chinese Business.1372 Words   |  6 Pagesevaluate Maslow’s hierarchy of needs as way of understanding employee motivation in contemporary Chinese business. 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It has a huge effect

Business Environments Of Chinese Society - 2814 Words

Assignment: Business Environments in Chinese Society: (Student’s Name) (Professor’s Name) (Course Title) (Date of Submission) Introduction Business environments across the world have been experiencing numerous and rapid dynamics, forcing business enterprises to look for more intelligence before entering such markets. The need to start businesses in foreign markets is created by variety of factors which includes saturation of local markets and availability of attractive opportunities in foreign countries. China has been a focus of many foreign investors, owing to various reasons which serve to create attractive business opportunities. For instance, the country has been experiencing rapid infrastructural developments, reducing cost of doing business within the society. It has also been remarkably stable in terms of both political and economical pillars of the state. It has also a wide market due to its high population, providing market for products and services of many businesses (Hill, 2014). These numerous businesses cropping up in China have created a business opportunity, in marketing and packaging, since they do not have much of information about the history of the nation and its markets. Our team has developed the idea and decided to venture into business to exploit the opportunity. This documentation focuses on deliberating on the details of the business idea to inform our decision on how to progress with it (Zinzius, 2004). Currency conversionShow MoreRelatedCritically Evaluate Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs as Way of Understanding Employee Motivation in Contemporary Chinese Business.1372 Words   |  6 Pagesevaluate Maslow’s hierarchy of needs as way of understanding employee motivation in contemporary Chinese business. 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Brazil to China: The Hofstede Dimensions of Culture PDI (Power Distance Index) - With a score of 69, Brazil reflects a society that believes hierarchy should be respected andRead MoreBusiness in China1188 Words   |  5 PagesBusiness in China 1. What challenges do foreign firms face when they seek to transfer their home management style to China? 2. Discuss the reform of Chinese state-owned enterprises and related government policy changes. Evaluate the impact within the state-owned businesses and the chinese society. Chinese management Doing business in China requires a throughout understanding of their management philosophy and practices. Their management style is different in many respects from mainstreamRead MoreBenefits And Risks Of A Foreign Investment Project1415 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Expanding business activity to a foreign country presents many opportunities and risks. 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Companies are also facing c ultural differences when they enter into different countries. Culture is an important part of human society composing of knowledge, beliefs, art, morals, laws and other habits. Cultural differences are the variations in what people have, think and behave between different countries, religions or societies. (ghauricateora,2006)Read More PEST Analysis and SWOT Analysis of China Essay1661 Words   |  7 Pages............................................4 2.0 – Environmental Analysis: Chinese Market....................................................................4 2.1 – Political Environment, Rules Regulations ............................................................... 4 2.2 – Economic Environment..................................................................................................4 2.3 – Society and Culture..................................................................Read MorePest Analysis of Gap Inc1178 Words   |  5 Pagesusually can not operate on those countries. In the case of the regulations in the retail industry it has negative impacts because the regulations in the retail industry could easily be changed beyond the established limit and will affect the business adversely, in addition companies such as target will obtain higher costs in expenses due to the changes. Furthermore, changes and transformation in overtime regulations and the share of the retail stores in the healthcare bill. It has a hugeRead MorePest Analysis of Gap Inc1171 Words   |  5 Pagesand usually can not operate on those countries. In the case of the regulations in the retail industry it has negative impacts because the regulations in the retail industry could easily be changed beyond the established limit and will affect the business adversely, in addition companies such as target will obtain higher costs in expenses due to the changes. Furthermore, changes and transformation in overtime regulations and the share of the retail stores in the healthcare bill. It has a huge effect

Business Environments Of Chinese Society - 2814 Words

Assignment: Business Environments in Chinese Society: (Student’s Name) (Professor’s Name) (Course Title) (Date of Submission) Introduction Business environments across the world have been experiencing numerous and rapid dynamics, forcing business enterprises to look for more intelligence before entering such markets. The need to start businesses in foreign markets is created by variety of factors which includes saturation of local markets and availability of attractive opportunities in foreign countries. China has been a focus of many foreign investors, owing to various reasons which serve to create attractive business opportunities. For instance, the country has been experiencing rapid infrastructural developments, reducing cost of doing business within the society. It has also been remarkably stable in terms of both political and economical pillars of the state. It has also a wide market due to its high population, providing market for products and services of many businesses (Hill, 2014). These numerous businesses cropping up in China have created a business opportunity, in marketing and packaging, since they do not have much of information about the history of the nation and its markets. Our team has developed the idea and decided to venture into business to exploit the opportunity. This documentation focuses on deliberating on the details of the business idea to inform our decision on how to progress with it (Zinzius, 2004). Currency conversionShow MoreRelatedCritically Evaluate Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs as Way of Understanding Employee Motivation in Contemporary Chinese Business.1372 Words   |  6 Pagesevaluate Maslow’s hierarchy of needs as way of understanding employee motivation in contemporary Chinese business. The Chinese economy has changed significantly since the reform in 1978.Chinese economy has experienced a rapid development and trends to an open and market-driven system in recent years (Klein and Ozmucur, 2002). A lot of foreign companies want to invest in Chinese companies or start business in China but most of them fail in the end. One of the reasons why they can be successful in theRead MoreThe Cultural Differences Of Adidas1336 Words   |  6 Pagesdevelopments, legal and cultural requirements and the business environment are taken into account. In this section we will discuss about the cultural differences that Adidas has to consider to operate business in china moving from brazil. The chart below shows the comparison of the cultural dimensions according to Hofstede. Brazil to China: The Hofstede Dimensions of Culture PDI (Power Distance Index) - With a score of 69, Brazil reflects a society that believes hierarchy should be respected andRead MoreBusiness in China1188 Words   |  5 PagesBusiness in China 1. What challenges do foreign firms face when they seek to transfer their home management style to China? 2. Discuss the reform of Chinese state-owned enterprises and related government policy changes. Evaluate the impact within the state-owned businesses and the chinese society. Chinese management Doing business in China requires a throughout understanding of their management philosophy and practices. Their management style is different in many respects from mainstreamRead MoreBenefits And Risks Of A Foreign Investment Project1415 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Expanding business activity to a foreign country presents many opportunities and risks. Rewards and risks has to be analyzed and weighted carefully before committing capital for a foreign investment project. Socioeconomic as well as cultural factors must be considered since countries vary in levels of wealth, education, needs and wants. China and Iraq has many differences politically as well as socioeconomically and culturally; therefore, both countries present different levels of riskRead MoreChina s Strategic, Marketing, And Economic Reasons1143 Words   |  5 Pagesaround 9.6 percent every year on average. China joined the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001 which means an extension of the reform, meanwhile, brings the new opportunities to Chinese companies’ growth. The development of both society and economy in China helped introduced foreign direct investment. At the same time, Chinese enterprises invested abroad and got access to foreign resources, new markets, human capital, technology, and knowledge. Therefore, multinational enterprise seems little by littleRead MoreHuman Rights Violations in China - Should Western Companies Continue to Do Business with China?1636 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscrimination. In the western society, the principles of freedom, democracy and human rights are fundamental rights. However, the People’s Republic of China, commonly known as China, is still known as the largest human rights violator in the world. This raises the question whether or not western companies should continue doing business in China despite of the human rights violations. To find an answer to this question, the human rights violations and the values of the Chinese population will be analysedRead MoreCultural Differences Of Business Practices1625 Words   |  7 Pagesopportunities for business but yet brings some challenges because stakeholders become more geographical diverse and the market is bigger than before. Companies are also facing c ultural differences when they enter into different countries. Culture is an important part of human society composing of knowledge, beliefs, art, morals, laws and other habits. Cultural differences are the variations in what people have, think and behave between different countries, religions or societies. (ghauricateora,2006)Read More PEST Analysis and SWOT Analysis of China Essay1661 Words   |  7 Pages............................................4 2.0 – Environmental Analysis: Chinese Market....................................................................4 2.1 – Political Environment, Rules Regulations ............................................................... 4 2.2 – Economic Environment..................................................................................................4 2.3 – Society and Culture..................................................................Read MorePest Analysis of Gap Inc1178 Words   |  5 Pagesusually can not operate on those countries. In the case of the regulations in the retail industry it has negative impacts because the regulations in the retail industry could easily be changed beyond the established limit and will affect the business adversely, in addition companies such as target will obtain higher costs in expenses due to the changes. Furthermore, changes and transformation in overtime regulations and the share of the retail stores in the healthcare bill. It has a hugeRead MorePest Analysis of Gap Inc1171 Words   |  5 Pagesand usually can not operate on those countries. In the case of the regulations in the retail industry it has negative impacts because the regulations in the retail industry could easily be changed beyond the established limit and will affect the business adversely, in addition companies such as target will obtain higher costs in expenses due to the changes. Furthermore, changes and transformation in overtime regulations and the share of the retail stores in the healthcare bill. It has a huge effect

Brl Hardy Driving Forces to Become a Global Company Free Essays

What are the driving forces behind BRL Hardy to become a global company? â€Å"A Global company is an organization that attempts to standardize and integrate operations worldwide in all functional areas. † In general, there are multiple Globalization forces; some of them are: * Industrial: get access to a bigger market to sell the product. * Financial: by emerging worldwide, it is easier to borrow money * Political forces: the raising globalization goes along with the decrease of the importance of the state. We will write a custom essay sample on Brl Hardy Driving Forces to Become a Global Company or any similar topic only for you Order Now Companies can set up their headquarter in different countries, in function of the legislation in those countries. * Technological forces: the new discoveries and the fast evolving technology eases the communication and makes it easier to collect information about foreign/other goods. * Market: when companies globalize, they also become global customers. * Cost: By becoming global, companies can benefit from economies of scale. The company can also locate production in countries where production costs are lower. In early times, the wine industry was very little. There were little village labels and the grapes grew on tiny vineyards. Those factors made the wine industry very agricultural i. e. the harvest was very vulnerable to weather and diseases. On the other side, the wine business had very few multinational companies and therefore very few true global brands. This made BRL Hardy think about expanding its business to multiple locations over the world and become one of the world’s first global wine companies. The first company on the market has a big chance to become one of the biggest companies in his sector. By breaking the habit of growing and selling only its own wine, Hardy was able to build the scale necessary for creating strong brands and negotiating with retail stores. In 1882, BRLH won his first international gold medal at Bordeaux. Winning a price creates a certain reputation, which makes it more likely that the wine will sell if the company becomes a global company. Also, the company was Australia’s largest winemaker, and one of the most respected. Next to this, Australian wine was becoming a trend, and the demand from new customers in nontraditional markets grew rapidly. All this were driving forces to become a global company. Sources: http://www. slideshare. net/gugaslide/global-business-presentation http://www. slideshare. net/RealRedOne/harvard-business-school-brl-hardy-globalizing-an-australian-wine-company http://www. businessschoolnetherlands. com/files/bsn-article_marius-leibold_business-model-innovation_1. pdf http://www. andidas. com/academic/lse_coursework/MN498%20-%20Tesco%20Internationalisation_by_andidas. pdf http://scholar. sun. ac. za/bitstream/handle/10019. 1/3328/Ewouba-Biteghe,%20BS. pdf? sequence=1 http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Globalization How to cite Brl Hardy Driving Forces to Become a Global Company, Papers

Research Paper on Nitro Shock Absorbers Essay Example

Research Paper on Nitro Shock Absorbers Essay All shock absorbers are usually divided into hydraulic, gas (nitro) and blow (low-pressure gas). This division is conventional because in all three cases, the â€Å"central† part is the valve, which remains essentially unchanged in all three cases, the compensatory element is a gas. Those who want to write a good research proposal on nitro shock absorbers have to remember that central valve moves in the central cylinder and the differences begin from this point on. Hydraulic and blow shock absorbers have another outer cylinder, where the oil flows through the bottom valve. Gas shock absorber does not have outer cylinder and all its design is packed in one. Thus, we could logically divide nitro shock absorbers into double-tube and monotube. When working, any shock absorbers, by definition, produce a large amount of heat, so the oil used in them requires not only corrosive, but also thermal stability – the ability to withstand temperatures up to 160 degrees without changing its structure and properties. Simultaneously, the actual problem of heat removal. Double-tube hydraulic shock absorbers dissipate heat worse than high pressure monotube, because in the former â€Å"heat generator† – the central cylinder – is covered at the top by another coaxial cylinder filled with oil and compensation gas. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Nitro Shock Absorbers specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Nitro Shock Absorbers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Nitro Shock Absorbers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Why do there is need in a compensation gas? Fluid, as it is known, cannot be not compressed. Therefore, if it were not for the compensation gas, the piston inside the cylinder would hit a â€Å"oil wall,† which by virtue of its large inertia has not yet begun to flow through a calibrated valve openings. That compensation volume of gas is compressed first and takes all the hit to itself and only then the oil begins to flow through the calibrated valve openings of the central rod. Moreover, the oil is often heated to substantial temperatures. Its volume Increases and when it is necessary to compensate it, this small portion of the gas makes it. Hydraulic shock absorbers dampen softer because they have two of the valve system, in contrast to the monotube, having only one which is located on the stem, plus the gas there is at lower pressure. Along with this, they are really inert and react slowly to movement of the wheel, especially to low-frequency vibrations of small amplitudes. The higher the gas pressure, propped up oil, the higher the â€Å"quick response† of a shock absorber. In the high pressure shock absorbers gas and oil are one after another in the same cylinder and are separated by the valve. Gas (usually nitrogen) is at a pressure of about 25 atmospheres. Thus, the rod valve all the time is in tension, in â€Å"spring-loaded† condition and thus nitro shock absorber has much quicker response to potholes and bumps of the road. To find more relevant data on the topic, you may use free sample research papers on nitro shock absorbers which may be a wonderful source of information. Are you looking for a top-notch custom research paper about Nitro Shock Absorbers? Is confidentiality as important to you as the high quality of the product? Try our writing service at EssayLib.com! We can offer you professional assistance at affordable rates. Our experienced PhD and Master’s writers are ready to take into account your smallest demands. We guarantee you 100% authenticity of your paper and assure you of dead on time delivery. Proceed with the order form: